What is the correct way to replace spark plugs?
There are many different opinions on how often spark plugs should be changed. But there is no single correct answer that applies to every situation. It's all very individual.
The principle of engine spark plugs
The engine spark plugs depend on the timely and efficient ignition of the working mixture. This provides the possibility of accurate, reliable start. By the way, diesel engines do not have spark plugs.
The new plugs produce up to 20 million sparks. But, over time, the natural wear factor of the material takes its toll. They should be replaced after an average of 15,000 kilometres.
The following factors have a significant influence on this figure:
- quality of fuelling fuel;
- the material from which the electrodes of the plugs are made;
- malfunction of the engine;
- conditions of use.
Poor quality petrol forms, deteriorating the conductivity, soot on the plugs. If the electrodes are made of strong alloys, if they are iridium or platinum plugs, the mileage until their next replacement will be much higher.
Signs that spark plugs need replacing
«Symptoms» of faulty engine spark plugs:
- detonation in the engine;
- unstable engine speed;
- soot on the plug electrodes;
- damage of ceramic insulators (cracks);
- breakdowns, ignition skips;
- natural vibrations and noises in the motor;
- engine begins to «trobit»;
- increase in fuel consumption;
- early ignition timing;
A few words about the procedure
What do we need to prepare? In the process we will need: spark plug wrench, socket spanner, plug sockets, together with gaskets, socket extenders.
And we will need: spark plug wrench, socket spanner, socket extenders.
Algorithm for replacing engine spark plugs:
- Determine (according to your car manual) where the plugs are located in your vehicle;
- determine all related parameters (number of plugs, gap required, socket size, etc.);
- buy spark plugs that are suitable for your car model;
- open the bonnet and let the engine cool down;
- disconnect high-voltage ignition distributor wires (their number is equal to the number of plugs in the engine);
- clean the dirt and dust from the wells of car plugs, using compressed air from a compressor or brush;
- remove the plugs from the engine with a spark plug spanner and replace them with new ones
- install the distribution cables in the correct order;
- remove excess tools and materials from the engine compartment, close the bonnet and try to start the engine
Particularities of the process. The main risks
Tighten the plugs with minimum force, otherwise you can damage the thin wall of the spark plug well. Usually, after the plug has been tightened to the maximum with your fingers, 1/16th of a turn of the spanner is enough to securely fix the part.
If not all plugs are to be replaced, disconnect the cables of only those that need replacing.
The space between the electrodes is where the spark occurs. If necessary, you should be able to adjust the distance between these two electrodes using a wire gauge (a special tool for measuring the gap between the electrodes).
The gap between the electrodes is where the spark occurs.
If the extracted plugs are burnt and stained, this is a natural form of wear, but if they are deformed, the electrodes are damaged or bent, further engine diagnostics should be carried out.
The order in which the distribution wires are connected must be exactly right, otherwise, if they are crossed, the engine will run intermittently. At home, you can mark them with tape or read a car wiring manual.
It's important to make sure the distribution wires are in the correct order, otherwise the engine will malfunction.
When installing, there is a risk of damaging the insulation in the plug cable. It's also important to fit the part with the correct gap for your car's make.
At home, you can mark them with sticky tape or read a car wiring manual.
Based on all of the above, the following conclusion can be drawn. If you have no practical experience of spark plug replacement, then, taking into account all the risks, either perform it under the supervision of an experienced car mechanic, or have this manipulation carried out by qualified masters of the nearest service station.
Let every road be good and always «burn» spark plugs!"
Recommended for familiarisation - Equipment for service stations.
